This cardoon depicts the Dreyfus Affair as a black and white case confounding France, depicted here as a pensive Marianne wearing a Phrygian cap with an additional cockscomb. There is clearly no room here for shades of grey; opinions on and attitudes to the Dreyfus case are presumed to be irreconcilable.
Geo, La France: ça devrait bien être une fois tout blanc ou tout noir, colour print, 14 x 9 cm, 1898, source: Bibliothèque historique de la Ville de Paris, https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0000984705/0021/v0001.simple.highlight=Keywords:%20%22affaire%20Dreyfus%22.selectedTab=record, public domain.