Leon Pinsker (1821–1891)
![Portrait von Leon Pinsker (1821–1891), Schwarz-Weiß-Photographie, o. J. [vor 1891], unbekannter Photograph; Bildquelle: Wikimedia Commons; http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leon_Pinsker2.jpg, gemeinfrei.](http://ieg-ego.eu/illustrationen/zionismus-in-europa-bilderordner/Pinsker-Leon-undat.jpg/@@images/810f7957-7777-4f36-bfd7-5e63b9c7a75b.jpeg "Leon Pinsker (1821-1891) IMG")
Influenced by the pogroms in the Russian Empire, Leon Pinsker, a doctor in Odessa, turned away from the idea of the assimilation of the Jews and their integration into Russian society, and called for the "Auto-Emancipation" of the Jews as a nation. As president of the association of Hovevei Zion (or "Friends of Zion" in Hebrew), he campaigned for the expansion of the movement beyond the borders of the Russian Empire.
Portrait of Leon Pinsker (1821–1891), black-and-white photograph, without date [before 1891], unknown photographer; source: Wikimedia Commons; http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leon_Pinsker2.jpg, public domain.