The picture, painted on agave fibre, depicts the "Virgen de Guadalupe" (Virgin of Guadalupe), a pregnant woman with indigenous features, with a corona around her, standing on the crescent moon. The colours, flower pattern, clothing and other aspects are elements of Aztec iconography. The artist, year of origin and painting technique are largely unknown.
Virgen de Guadalupe, unknown artist; source: Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Virgen_de_guadalupe1.jpg, public domain.