Abdülaziz (1830–1876, ruled 1861–1876) was the 32nd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The Tanzimat-reforms, including the Hatt-ı Hümâyûn edict (1856), initiated by his predecessors were continued under his rule. He did not, however, live to witness the promulgation of the Ottoman constitution at the end of 1876: Abdülaziz was deposed amid a crisis of state and died soon after. His death was ruled a suicide, though circumstances remain dispured.